一、屋頂光伏租賃的核心邏輯

1、 The core logic of rooftop photovoltaic leasing

閑置資源再利用：將空置的屋頂轉化為清潔能源生產平臺，通過出租空間獲取穩定收益。以 1000 平方米屋頂為例，安裝約 100 千瓦光伏系統，年發電量可達 12 萬度，相當于減少碳排放 96 噸。

Reuse of idle resources: Transform vacant roofs into clean energy production platforms and obtain stable income by renting out space. Taking a 1000 square meter roof as an example, installing approximately 100 kilowatts of photovoltaic systems can generate up to 120000 kilowatt hours of electricity annually, equivalent to reducing carbon emissions by 96 tons.

風險隔離機制：租賃模式下，業主無需承擔設備投資、安裝及運維成本，由專業機構全程負責。例如，某居民通過出租屋頂獲得固定租金，同時享受屋頂隔熱效果提升 5-7℃的附加收益。

Risk isolation mechanism: Under the leasing model, the owner does not need to bear the equipment investment, installation, and operation costs, and is fully responsible by a professional organization. For example, a resident earns a fixed rent by renting out their roof, while also enjoying the additional benefit of increasing the insulation effect of the roof by 5-7 ℃.

二、操作流程詳解

2、 Detailed explanation of operation process

屋頂評估與篩選

Roof evaluation and screening

結構安全性：需確認屋頂承重≥30 公斤 / 平方米，避免老舊建筑（如 20 年以上磚木結構）或存在裂縫、滲漏的屋頂。

Structural safety: It is necessary to confirm that the roof load-bearing capacity is ≥ 30 kilograms per square meter to avoid old buildings (such as brick and wood structures over 20 years old) or roofs with cracks or leaks.

光照條件：優先選擇朝南、無遮擋的屋頂，日均有效光照時長≥4 小時，避免周邊有樹木、高層建筑或粉塵污染。

Lighting conditions: Priority should be given to roofs facing south and unobstructed, with a daily effective lighting duration of ≥ 4 hours, to avoid trees, high-rise buildings, or dust pollution in the surrounding area.

產權合法性：需提供房產證、土地證等文件，確保屋頂無抵押、查封或產權糾紛。

Legitimacy of property rights: Property certificates, land certificates and other documents must be provided to ensure that the roof is not mortgaged, sealed or subject to property disputes.

合同簽訂與條款設計

Contract signing and clause design

租賃期限：通常為 20-25 年，符合《民法典》關于租賃合同最長 20 年的規定，超期部分需重新協商。

Lease term: usually 20-25 years, in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Code regarding the maximum term of 20 years for lease contracts. Any overdue portion needs to be renegotiated.

租金模式：常見兩種方式：

Rental mode: There are two common ways:

固定租金：按每塊光伏板每年 15-25 元計算（如 1000 平方米屋頂可安裝約 300 塊板，年租金約 4500-7500 元）。

Fixed rent: Calculated at 15-25 yuan per photovoltaic panel per year (for example, about 300 panels can be installed on a 1000 square meter roof, with an annual rent of about 4500-7500 yuan).

收益分成：按發電量比例分成（如業主獲得 10%-15% 的售電收益）。

Revenue sharing: Share according to the proportion of electricity generation (such as owners receiving 10% -15% of electricity sales revenue).

責任劃分：明確設備安裝、維護、保險由承租方承擔，業主需配合電網接入及安全檢查。

Responsibility allocation: Clearly define that equipment installation, maintenance, and insurance shall be borne by the lessee, and the owner shall cooperate with grid access and safety inspections.

施工與并網

Construction and grid connection

安裝流程：

Installation process:

支架固定：采用膨脹螺絲或配重底座，避免破壞防水層，安裝誤差≤2 毫米。

Bracket fixation: Expansion screws or counterweight base are used to avoid damaging the waterproof layer, with an installation error of ≤ 2 millimeters.

組件鋪設：單塊光伏板重量約 20 公斤，需確保支架承重均勻，間距設計避免前后遮擋。

Component laying: The weight of a single photovoltaic panel is about 20 kilograms, and it is necessary to ensure that the support is evenly supported, with spacing designed to avoid front and rear obstruction.

并網驗收：通過電力公司檢測后，簽訂購售電協議，多余電量可按當地電價結算。

Grid connection acceptance: After passing the inspection of the power company, a purchase and sale agreement is signed, and excess electricity can be settled according to local electricity prices.

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