在全球積極推動可持續發展、應對氣候變化的大背景下，清潔能源的開發與利用成為各行業關注的焦點。廠房屋頂光伏發電作為一種極具潛力的分布式能源解決方案，正逐漸在工業領域嶄露頭角，為企業帶來經濟與環境的雙重效益，成為工業綠色轉型的重要力量。?

Against the backdrop of actively promoting sustainable development and addressing climate change globally, the development and utilization of clean energy has become a focus of attention for various industries. As a highly potential distributed energy solution, rooftop photovoltaic power generation is gradually emerging in the industrial field, bringing dual economic and environmental benefits to enterprises and becoming an important force for industrial green transformation. ?

工作原理：光與電的神奇轉換?

Working principle: The miraculous conversion of light and electricity

廠房屋頂光伏發電系統主要基于半導體材料的光電效應原理工作。系統中的核心部件是太陽能電池板，通常由多個光伏電池單元組成。光伏電池一般采用單晶硅、多晶硅或非晶硅等半導體材料制成。當太陽光照射到太陽能電池板上時，光子與半導體材料中的原子相互作用，激發電子躍遷，產生電子 - 空穴對。在半導體材料內部的電場作用下，電子和空穴分別向相反方向移動，從而形成電流。?

The photovoltaic power generation system on the roof of the factory mainly works based on the photoelectric effect principle of semiconductor materials. The core component of the system is the solar panel, which is usually composed of multiple photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells are generally made of semiconductor materials such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or amorphous silicon. When sunlight shines on a solar panel, photons interact with atoms in the semiconductor material, exciting electron transitions and producing electron hole pairs. Under the action of the electric field inside the semiconductor material, electrons and holes move in opposite directions, forming an electric current. ?

這些產生的直流電通過逆變器進行轉換，將直流電轉變為交流電，以滿足工廠內部用電設備的需求。逆變器不僅實現了電流形式的轉換，還具備最大功率點跟蹤（MPPT）功能，能夠根據光照強度和溫度等環境因素的變化，自動調整光伏電池的工作狀態，使其始終保持在最大功率輸出點附近，提高光伏發電系統的整體效率。經過逆變器轉換后的交流電，一部分直接供給工廠內部的生產設備、照明系統等使用，實現就地消納；剩余的電量則可通過電網連接裝置，輸送到電網中，實現余電上網，為企業創造額外的經濟效益。?

The generated DC electricity is converted into AC electricity through an inverter to meet the needs of internal electrical equipment in the factory. The inverter not only converts the current form, but also has maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function, which can automatically adjust the working state of the photovoltaic cell according to changes in environmental factors such as light intensity and temperature, so as to always maintain it near the maximum power output point and improve the overall efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system. After being converted by the inverter, a portion of the AC power is directly supplied to the production equipment, lighting systems, etc. inside the factory for on-site consumption; The remaining electricity can be transmitted to the grid through grid connection devices, achieving grid connection and creating additional economic benefits for enterprises. ?

顯著優勢：經濟與環保的雙贏選擇?

Significant advantage: a win-win choice between economy and environmental protection

降低用電成本?

Reduce electricity costs

對于工業企業而言，電費支出往往占據生產成本的較大比重。廠房屋頂光伏發電系統能夠利用閑置的廠房屋頂空間，將太陽能轉化為電能，為企業提供部分或全部電力供應。以一家中等規模的制造企業為例，假設其廠房屋頂面積為 10,000 平方米，安裝光伏發電系統后，平均每天可發電約 4,000 度。按照當地工業用電價格每度 1 元計算，每天可節省電費 4,000 元，一年（按 300 個工作日計算）則可節省電費高達 120 萬元。這對于企業來說，是一筆相當可觀的成本節約，有助于提高企業的市場競爭力。?

For industrial enterprises, electricity expenses often account for a significant proportion of production costs. The rooftop photovoltaic power generation system of a factory building can utilize idle roof space to convert solar energy into electrical energy, providing partial or complete power supply for the enterprise. Taking a medium-sized manufacturing enterprise as an example, assuming its factory roof area is 10000 square meters, after installing a photovoltaic power generation system, it can generate an average of about 4000 kWh of electricity per day. According to the local industrial electricity price of 1 yuan per kilowatt hour, it can save 4000 yuan in electricity bills per day, and up to 1.2 million yuan in electricity bills per year (calculated based on 300 working days). This is a considerable cost saving for enterprises, which helps to improve their market competitiveness. ?

增加額外收入?

Increase additional income

除了滿足企業自身用電需求外，光伏發電系統產生的余電還可以上網銷售給電網公司。目前，許多地區都出臺了鼓勵分布式光伏發電的政策，對余電上網給予一定的補貼。例如，在某些地區，余電上網電價加上補貼可達到每度 1.2 元左右。假設上述企業每天有 1,000 度余電上網，每天即可獲得額外收入 1,200 元，一年下來可增加收入 36 萬元。這種余電上網的模式，為企業開辟了新的收入來源，進一步提升了光伏發電項目的經濟效益。?

In addition to meeting the electricity needs of enterprises themselves, the surplus electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation systems can also be sold online to power grid companies. At present, many regions have introduced policies to encourage distributed photovoltaic power generation and provide certain subsidies for surplus electricity to be connected to the grid. For example, in some regions, the electricity price for surplus electricity can reach around 1.2 yuan per kilowatt hour, plus subsidies. Assuming that the above-mentioned enterprises have over 1000 kilowatt hours of electricity connected to the internet every day, they can earn an additional income of 1200 yuan per day, which can increase their income by 360000 yuan over the course of one year. This surplus electricity grid connection model has opened up new sources of income for enterprises and further enhanced the economic benefits of photovoltaic power generation projects. ?

環保效益顯著?

Significant environmental benefits

廠房屋頂光伏發電是一種清潔能源生產方式，在發電過程中不產生溫室氣體排放，也不會產生廢氣、廢水和廢渣等污染物。相比傳統的火力發電，每發一度電，光伏發電可減少約 0.8 千克二氧化碳排放。以每年發電 120 萬度計算，該企業的光伏發電系統每年可減少二氧化碳排放約 960 噸，這對于緩解全球氣候變化、改善當地空氣質量具有積極意義。同時，企業積極采用清潔能源，展示了其對環境保護的責任擔當，有助于提升企業的社會形象。

Photovoltaic power generation on the roof of a factory building is a clean energy production method that does not produce greenhouse gas emissions or pollutants such as exhaust gas, wastewater, and waste residue during the power generation process. Compared to traditional thermal power generation, photovoltaic power generation can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 0.8 kilograms per kilowatt hour of electricity generated. Based on an annual power generation of 1.2 million kWh, the company's photovoltaic power generation system can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 960 tons per year, which has a positive impact on mitigating global climate change and improving local air quality. At the same time, the active adoption of clean energy by enterprises demonstrates their responsibility for environmental protection and helps enhance their social image.

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