屋頂安裝光伏組件的不同安裝形式有哪些？

What are the different installation forms of rooftop mounted photovoltaic modules?

　　不同的屋頂安裝光伏組件的方法也不一樣，常見的安裝方式包括附加型、壓載型及樁基型。

The method of installing photovoltaic modules on different roofs also varies, and common installation methods include additional type, ballast type, and pile foundation type.

　　如果屋頂屬于彩鋼瓦型式，一般都考慮附加型，直接將組件平鋪在彩鋼瓦上，尤其是一般彩鋼瓦屋頂都沒有女兒墻，采用平鋪的型式防風效果最好，最為安全；另外彩鋼瓦屋頂也有一定的傾角，雖然可能不是光伏發電對應的最佳傾角，但加大傾角帶來的改造成本也是需要綜合考量的。

If the roof belongs to the color steel tile type, an additional type is generally considered, and the components are directly laid flat on the color steel tile. Especially since most color steel tile roofs do not have parapets, using a flat type has the best windproof effect and is the safest; In addition, the color steel tile roof also has a certain inclination angle. Although it may not be the optimal inclination angle for photovoltaic power generation, the cost of renovation caused by increasing the inclination angle also needs to be comprehensively considered.

　　對于水泥屋頂，通常是純平，常見的安裝方式是壓載型和混凝土基礎樁基型，如上圖所示。

For cement roofs, they are usually flat, and the common installation methods are compression type and concrete foundation pile foundation type, as shown in the above figure.

　　很多時候，建筑物業主不允許在混凝土平屋頂上鉆孔，一方面是擔心老建筑的強度，或者是不想改變屋頂的防水性能。這就是選擇壓載型或混凝土基礎安裝的原因。

Many times, building owners are not allowed to drill holes on concrete flat roofs because they are concerned about the strength of the old building or do not want to change the waterproof performance of the roof. This is the reason for choosing ballast type or concrete foundation installation.

　　壓載型由于沒有和屋頂做錨固連接，因此側面可以考慮做防風處理，尤其是沒有女兒墻的水泥屋頂。

Due to the lack of anchoring connection with the roof, the side of the ballast type can be considered for windproof treatment, especially for cement roofs without parapets.

　　混凝土基座的主要目的是確保即使在暴風雨季節，支架系統也能保持完好無損。它保證了良好的安裝而不會導致屋頂漏水，還可以提高太陽能電池組件的效率，減少女兒墻對陽光的遮擋。

The main purpose of a concrete foundation is to ensure that the support system remains intact even during stormy seasons. It ensures good installation without causing roof leakage, and can also improve the efficiency of solar cell modules, reducing the obstruction of sunlight by parapets.

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