光伏發電是利用半導體界面的光生伏特效應而將光能直接轉變為電能的一種技術。主要由太陽電池板（組件）、控制器和逆變器三大部分組成，主要部件由電子元器件構成。太陽能電池經過串聯后進行封裝保護可形成大面積的太陽電池組件，再配合上功率控制器等部件就形成了光伏發電裝置。

Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interface to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. It is mainly composed of solar panel (module), controller and inverter, and the main components are composed of electronic components. Solar cells can be packaged and protected in series to form large-area solar cell modules, and combined with power controller and other components to form a photovoltaic power generation device.

與常用的火力發電系統相比，光伏發電的優點主要體現于：

Compared with common thermal power generation systems, the advantages of photovoltaic power generation are mainly reflected in:

①無枯竭危險；

① No risk of exhaustion;

②安全可靠，無噪聲，無污染排放外，絕對干凈（無公害）；

② Safe, reliable, noise-free, pollution-free and absolutely clean (pollution-free);

③不受資源分布地域的限制，可利用建筑屋面的優勢；例如，無電地區，以及地形復雜地區；

③ It is not limited by the geographical distribution of resources and can take advantage of the building roof; For example, areas without electricity and areas with complex terrain;

④無需消耗燃料和架設輸電線路即可就地發電供電；

④ Local power generation and supply can be realized without fuel consumption and transmission line erection;

⑤能源質量高；

⑤ High energy quality;

⑥使用者從感情上容易接受；

⑥ Users are emotionally receptive;

⑦建設周期短，獲取能源花費的時間短。

⑦ The construction period is short and the time to obtain energy is short.

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